Interviewer: Did they keep- ate scraps from the- the house as well? Speaker: Oh yes, you'd give them anything you had in the house. Not very much but always bran or hash or (inc) or something like that.

Interviewer: What did you feed chickens? Speaker: Well now, I just forget. We used to feed them a lot of scraps from the house- Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: And um, uh, maybe a- a bit of oats and uh, loose oats and uh, I can't remember. Maybe um, a bit of my father's hash that he may be feeding the pigs.

Interviewer: What did you feed the pigs? Speaker: Oh, hash, ground grain, usually, and ah any ah waste milk.

Then he sold oats, and o-- made hash, fed the horses some, and hash for the ah, some for the cat- cows, maybe.

Interviewer: Ah, what call would you make to the team to turn? Speaker: Gee or haw. If you wanted to go right, you'd say "gee." And for left, it'd be "haw."

Speaker: Oh well the right hand was gee, and the left hand was haw.

Interviewer: Mm-hm. And if you wanted it to turn? Speaker: Gee and haw.

Speaker: Ah, it'd be stored in the loft, or the cowshed, or the cow-stable. Horse-stable. Sometimes, maybe have to stack it, if you had more'n the building would hold. Interviewer: Um, what outfit would you use to lift the hay from the wagon, ah- Speaker: Hay-fork. With a lot of it, a lot of it and the first was done by hand, with elbow-grease and a pitchfork. Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: Forked it. And I think it was getting pretty handy when you got the hay-fork. Interviewer: Um, what did they thresh with, before the machines came on? Speaker: The tramper. Well, no, with the flail. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Speaker: That- the flail was- yeah, two sh-- one stick, and then a short piece of a stick tied to that, and you'd flail it.

Interviewer: It's interesting. Speaker: Yes. Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: Well ah then maybe we'd let- let it sit for a day in the coils. And then we'd draw it in on the wagon. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: And ah we had a- a hay fork that come down from the loft and with it, we had boards up on the loft in like a tra-- like a trolley, you-know? Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: And there was a hay fork out, and it was worked by ropes. And my father used to put the hay on the hay coils. And then we'd draw it in on the wagon. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: And ah we had a- a hay fork that come down from the loft and with it, we had boards up on the loft in like a tra-- like a trolley, you-know? Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: And there was a hay fork out, and it was worked by ropes. And my father used to put the hay on the hay forks. The rest of us wasn't heavy lif-- wasn't big enough to lift the hay forks, so we know (inc) big (laughs). And ah we u-- used to go up

hay fork that come down from the loft and with it, we had boards up on the loft in like a tra-- like a trolley, you-know? Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: And there was a hay fork out, and it was worked by ropes. And my father used to put the hay on the hay forks. The rest of us wasn't heavy lif-- wasn't big enough to lift the hay forks, so we know (inc) big (laughs). And ah we u-- used to go up in the- in the loft and my brother-in-law, he has his father's there one day and

And there was a hay fork out, and it was worked by ropes. And my father used to put the hay on the hay forks. The rest of us wasn't heavy lif-- wasn't big enough to lift the hay forks, so we know (inc) big (laughs). And ah we u-- used to go up in the- in the loft and my brother-in-law, he has his father's there one day and oh I was out there and I was sifting around doing nothing and I said my sister "

Speaker: Mm-hm. Sometimes we'd have some buckwheat in there. Not- we weren't extensive t-- farmers though but we- we had our own. Interviewer: Yes. Um, you used to help out in the field sometimes? Speaker: Oh yes. Interviewer: Yeah. Yeah. Speaker: Gave the horses all that hay fork (laughs) I was sick of the (inc). But I drove the horse- I drove- I drove the horses on the hay fork and I also reaped and had feedings with the horse and the reap.

Speaker: Piled it all in a mow. Interviewer: Uh-huh. Speaker: Half the size of the barn. You-know, tramp it in. Interviewer: Which? Speaker: You'd tramp it in with your feet. Get much in. But, ah, you don't throw it in with the fork, no, they'd take it in with the hay fork. Draw it in with a horse, do-you-see, a track is up and just keep it rolled on the back on a carriage, and ah, it trips and the fork would drop right down here onto your wagon. Great big long prongs up on end (sp).

the um, right building that I was speaking of, where um, i-- now let me see how I explain this um, they would drive the wagon into the barn, into the bottom of the barn, there was an open area there and then they had hooked up what they called the hay fork. Now, this was hooked up into the roof of the barn, they would unhitch one horse, which it would take out to the back of the barn and um, on the inside of the top of the barn was a track and uh, a track with a rope which would

take out to the back of the barn and um, on the inside of the top of the barn was a track and uh, a track with a rope which would go the length of it, pretty- you-know, would go quite a length up there but they called it the hay fork, you would stick this- it was about three feet long, you would stick this hay fork into the hay on the wagon and the rope took it up to this um, track and then when it was up, uh, no when my mother was- when my mother had the fork

a track with a rope which would go the length of it, pretty- you-know, would go quite a length up there but they called it the hay fork, you would stick this- it was about three feet long, you would stick this hay fork into the hay on the wagon and the rope took it up to this um, track and then when it was up, uh, no when my mother was- when my mother had the fork ready in the hay on the top of the wagon and the clamp down on it,

Interviewer: Would you do anything with the reins in-- Speaker: Oh- Interviewer: As well as to say the words? Speaker: Oh, oh yes, we would always pull the reins and they were very knowing. They just knew what you wanted them to do and actually now when I was driving the hay fork with- with old Roy um, you'd just say "Giddy-up, there" and he knew where to stop.

or so in blossom, and then it was cut (inc) Interviewer: With what- with what piece of- Speaker: With a mower. Interviewer: Yes. Speaker: And then it was raked, and ah, coiled, piled in little piles to dry, and then the p-- ca-- coils were forked onto the wagon, brought into the barn and a hay-fork would be ah, a big fork, plunged into the hay, and drew up, and it went in on the track. And ah- Interviewer: Into what part of the- Speaker: In the barns or the lofts, you-know? Interviewer: Mm-hm, and it would be stored there for- for animal feed.

But, like, during the summer we'd have a big garden. Mother always had a- ah, when we were smaller she had a- a- a maid. And my father, he kept a hired man. So that there was really a whole house full of us. And they bought apples by the barrel. They'd never go and buy a few pint of apples the way I do.

Speaker: And you'd have- instead of just having a three or four-pound roast, you'd have a whole oven full of meat. Of course that didn't last very long, there was- there was seven children and mother and dad and all of those hired men, hired girl. So that made- Interviewer: Yes. Speaker: Quite a table for everybody.