And a few along Sheppard like the Augden-Funeral-Home and some of the prop-- the Manse beside the church there and- and course the churches themselves have been there for quite some time.

In the winter, I remember my father taking a load of fire-wood to the manse. Money was very scarce but that was one way to contribute. Many other folks in the area helped in other ways also. Work-bees were also held during the winter to cut fire-wood for the manse and the church building.

She had the outside oven you-see it would take that long, it would take- it would take slabs of wood that long. But ah, yes, I've heard her tell many a time, when she'd get up in the morning her yard would be full of wood that she didn't have to pay anything for it because they wanted a place to put it and they knew she needed it and they gave it to her.

Newspaper once a week or maybe not at all because you have to go to Prospect. Walk to Prospect. Many a time I walked to Prospect. Them (inc), it's the old folks up about three miles to get the paper.

Speaker: Yeah. Interviewer: Um- I want to ah- talk to you now about um- the way your mother washed the clothes. Do you recall what- Speaker: Oh yes. Interviewer: Tell me about that. Speaker: Oh yeah. Many a time I helped her. Interviewer: Yes? Speaker: Well, she had a washer, you-know. Like this. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Speaker: You-know. And- a- as she washed this thing, inside would go like this.

Speaker: He would order a plate of ham and eggs. And somebody told him, "Doc, you can't have that." And he told them to go and shut up. He was eating it. Eggs. Interviewer: What do you think of ah- Chester-Chiles and what he did for the town? Speaker: Chester was pretty good. We ate there many a time I know and ah Chester would ah- he didn't ah let anybody go hungry really. He would take shares or- the- or the good salesman I-don-t-know, for food and he gathered some Lake-Shore stock that way.

I can remember when Eaton's was in its heyday. And while we're talking about Eaton's, directly across the road there used to be big pile of rock, and on top of that rock there used to be an old shack. And in that shack lived a woman called Rhea-Burns. Who chased me many a time because I stopped and petted her dogs and- and, ah, wouldn't hesitate to take her cane and swing at you. And hit you because you- you were nice to her dogs.

Interviewer: And, um, what was I going to say? I don't remember. Oh yeah. I'm from Montreal, right, and so like, I-D is not necessarily a big problem. Speaker: I know, I know. I've been to Montreal many a time. Interviewer: Did they even bother carding you? Speaker: Ah, no. Interviewer: Yeah, it's-like, "Yeah, whatever." Speaker: Yeah, you-know what, yeah. Yeah I've been to Montreal a good number of times, we go partying there. Yeah, Montreal's a good place to party.

So we found the beaver dam and we chased after beavers. We once- like we trapped one once kind-of and we took pictures of it. It was the coolest thing I've ever seen. Interviewer: I overheard that you um fell out of the boat trying to get to a deaver- beaver dam. Speaker: Many a time have I fallen out of the boat. And it is quite possibly the grossest scariest thing ever. Interviewer: Why? Speaker: Ah like the- the mud kind-of-deal. Like leading up to the beaver dam is not mud it's like- it's like quicksand.

He was hired to come here, to teach here from Southern-Ontario, that was quite a change for him. I have a lot of his old ah pictures that he sent to me, gave me, he said, "No one wants them, Lucianno, you want to keep them?" The mementoes is ah- I an-- and he said to me many-a-time because I met with him and he always came to the homecomings that we had after the school closed down. And he ah, he said that, ah his best, "I could never have come to a better place."

Speaker: Yes, it was very quiet. (laughs) Yeah. Interviewer: Can you ah- can you remember a specific story where ah you were disciplined by your parents? Speaker: Disciplined? Interviewer: Yes. Speaker: Oh yes. (laughs) Many a time. Yeah. Um- I'd get lickings. Interviewer: Okay. Really? Speaker: Yeah. And I'd have my behind spanked. I had my mouth slapped once because of something that I said that I shouldn't have said. And I can appreciate it. I can understand where they came from.

Speaker: It was near three miles, walking. Many a time our road wasn't ah open to- for a week even the mail driver with the horse-and-cutter were up on the embankment, that's where you were until they- took about a week to open the roads.

But, ah, it's interesting that what- when Matthew was saying about the one-room schoolhouses, I know, ah, many a time- even though we came from the farm, ah, which was about two-and-a-half, three miles, we'd walk, ah, to school in- in the winter and we'd be the first ones there.

Speaker: You see, that was another use for the sheep, you see, to make the tallow candles. Interviewer: Mm-hm. And you'd make your own? Speaker: Oh yes. I could- Interviewer: Yeah. Speaker: Many is the time that I helped, ah, to make candles in the wintertime. Interviewer: Yes. Speaker: A dozen at a time. Set them out in the cold. When they got chilled well bring them into the heat and as soon as the tin wear got a little warm you could pull the candles ...

Speaker: They get- they get to know you a little in a decent byre, though. Interviewer: Mm-hm. Yeah. Speaker: Many is the time I worked with, a people milked out in the byre- out of the byre and then out at the barnyard we called it. And these- (inc) is still there.

But it's the means by which can you continue to live from this landscape without resorting to maso amounts of fossil fuel to move stuff from who knows where.

Well I went on and got my first class certificate. A lot of them at that time are just getting your second class. And I went ah another two years. It was then ah and got my first class and I took the matric as well as the teacher's. And so ah I- I took everything they asks me to take because I thought someday I might want this and I might want that and I didn't know just what I was going to do altogether and so I took ah junior and senior matric and junior and senior teacher's- normal so-

I attended Queen-Victoria-School. And I- and I to-- and then ah Queen-Victoria-High-School was above Queen-Victoria's- ah Public-School, at that time, and then I went to Queen-Victoria-High-School and then I went ah- I got my ah- ah matric and ah- and seni-- ah junior and senior matric and-so-on there and then ah I went to faculty in Toronto and came back and started to Queen-Victoria-School to teach.

And of-course that meant much more freedom and study-hall so I read the comics and, you-know we chatted and I didn't do the studying I would have done if I'd been at home so I failed one subject, didn 't get my senior- matric 'cause back then it was senior-matriculation set by the province. Everybody- you could only graduate if you wrote that grade-thirteen exam and passed.

Anyways, stayed with them, and well I took night classes and uh, I finally got matric, but uh, uh well a certificate equal to matric it was. Uh, and actually it stayed me in good stead because later on in the army, I was put up for officer's training and you had to have matric so, I had to get that- that uh certificate from the government.